n.强啡肽

Results Three opioid peptides decreased with the course of diabetes and dynorphin A1-13was the most obvious of them. 结果3种阿片肽均随病程的延长而下降，尤以强啡肽A1-13为明显。

Conclusion Dynorphin A1-13 show s the most obvious decrease in relation to course and complications of diabetes. 结论糖尿病患者强啡肽A1-13下降与病程及并发症的关系最密切。

Aim To investigate the effect of administration route on dynorphin A 1 13 (Dyn) inhibiting the withdrawal symptoms of morphine dependent rats. 目的 研究不同给药途径对强啡肽A1 13 (Dyn)抑制吗啡依赖戒断症状的影响。

Induction of dynorphin by CREB thereby stifles the brain's reward circuitry, inducing tolerance by making the same-old dose of drug less rewarding. 因此，CREB引发代脑啡，因而抑制了大脑的报偿线路，使得同样剂量的药物变得比较没有作用，而造成耐受性。

Objective:To investigate the effects of progesterone on morphine rewarding effect and levels of dynorphin A (DynA) in rat brain. 目的:观察孕酮对于吗啡所致奖赏效应及相关脑区中强啡肽A水平的影响。