英语同源副词辨析
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时间:2018-09-11 17:27
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在英语中,某些形容词词形同时也可作副词,但这些形容词还有加后缀-ly 副词的形式,因此这类词就有两种副词形式,它们在用法上有些可以互换,有些是有区别。 一般地说,可以互换的这类词,形容词词形的副词表示比较具体的概念,经常用语口语中,不太正式;后缀-ly形式的副词,表示比较抽象的概念,有引申义,并有一定感情色彩,变副词比较级时,用此类副词,如修饰动词和分词,放在它们前面。1) cheap: often used instead of cheaply, esp. in casual conversation and with verbs like buy and sellDo you like this shirt? I bought it really cheaply.cheaply I can"t sell you more cheaply. 2) clean: completely, used with (1) verb forget (2) the proposition over, through (3) adv away outI ~ forget. The ball sailed ~ over the roof.The prisoner got ~ away. I am afraid I am clean out of food.cleanly: precisely in a clean manner, often used with v cut.He caught the ball ~ . The doctor cut ~ through the abdominal wall.3) clear: not touchingPlease stand clear of the gate.clearly: distinctly, obviously, similar to the meaning of clearI can"t see ~ without my glasses.We ~need to think again.4) close: nearCome close, I want to tell you something.closely: carefully, with great attentionStudy this ~ it"s very important.5) dead: exactly completely, used in certain expressions~ right, ~ sure, ` tired, ~ slow, ~ ahead, ~ drunk, ~ straightdeadly: fatallyHe was ~ injured in the crash.6) direct: used instead of directly in talking about journeys and timetablesThe plane goes ~ from London to Houston.7) easy: used in certain expressionsTake it easy. easy come, easy go. Easier said than done.easily I can do very easily.8) fair: used in the expression play ~, fight ~ fairly: justly, honestlyYou must do it ~.9) fine: well, used in some expressionsThat suits me fine. You are doing ~.finely: elaborately (细微地) (not commonly usedHe studied it very finely.10) free: without paymentYou can"t eat ~ in my restaurant.freely: without limit or restriction(限制)You can"t speak ~ in front of my father.11) hard: to show degreeHe hit hard.hardly: almost not12) high it refers to high position.Don"t go higher. It is dangerous.highly: it refers to an extreme degree "very much".She is ~ paid. It is ~ amusing.13) just: a moment ago I have just come here.justly: in accordance with justice or the law.You must do it justly.14) late: not on time He hates arriving late.lately: recently I haven"t heard from you lately.15) loud: used instead of loudly in informal conversation with the verbs talk, speak, shout, laughloudly: in a big voice They quarreled ~.16) low: in a small voiceCan you speak low?lowly: in a humble wayDon"t speak to him lowly.17) most: very Which do you like most?mostly: mainly, most often, in most cases18) pretty: rather ~ well, ~ soonprettily: pleasing to people (悦人地)He danced ~.19) quick: in informal English used instead of quicklyquickly He acted ~.20) real in informal English used instead of reallyreally Are you ~ tell me the truth.21) right: just, exactly, all the wayThe ball hit me ~ in the nose.He arrived ~ after breakfast.Turn right at the traffic lights.rightly: correctly right can be used informally instead of rightlyYou guessed right(ly)22) sharp: punctually 准时地He arrived at six o"clock ~.sharply: 锐利地,急剧地look ~ speak ~23) short: suddenlyThe car stopped suddenly.shortly: soon He will come shortly.24) slow used in informal conversation instead of slowlygo ~, drive ~ 25) sound: 彻底地 used in the expression sound asleepsoundly: 非常好地 He is sleeping soundly.26) straight and straightly used in the same way.27) sure: used in American English meaning certainlysurely: He speaks very surely.28) tight: used instead of tightly in informal conversation.hold ~, pack ~. The door was shut ~.tightly: We"d better sit tightly.29)wide: He opened his eyes wide.widely: in many different placesHe has traveled widely.30) wrong used instead of wrongly in informal conversation.You guessed wrong(ly)
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