adj.山岳的；山形的

=orographical.

A Modeling Study and Scaling Analysis of Orographic Effects on Boundary Layer Shallow Convection. 边界层浅对流的地形效应的模式研究和尺度分析。

Far-Field Simulation of the Hawaiian Wake: Sea Surface Temperature and Orographic Effects. 夏威夷波的远场模拟:海表面温度和地形作用。

Teng, J.-H., C.-S.Chen, T.-C.C.Wang, Y.-L.Chen;2000：Orographic Effects on a Squall Line System over Taiwan. 王时鼎、谢信良、郑明典与叶天降，1998：侵台台风流型与台风路径走向间之关系研究。

The large scale circulation situation, mesoscale convergence line and orographic action provided advantage condition for local large heavy rain. 在大尺度环流形势下，中尺度辐合线和地形作用为局地大暴雨提供了有利条件。

The results will be improved if terrain coordinate is used and orographic effects are considered when simulating convective processes over mountainous or hill areas. 所以在模拟山区和丘陵地带的对流系统时，采用地形坐标并考虑地形将会改善模式的模拟结果。